Day 4 - Camp Cleanup

See Day 4 for a detailed description of the problem.

Continuing to solve the Advent of Code 2022 problems (see Advent of Code - Day 1).

Links:

To run the example code in this post save the code into file such as advent.jactl and take your input from the Advent of Code site (e.g. advent.txt) and run it like this:

$ cat advent.txt | java -jar jactl-2.1.0.jar advent.jactl

Part 1

For part 1 each input line is a pair of number ranges and the job is to count how many lines consist of number ranges where one is completely within the other.

We use the n regex modifier to extract numbers rather than strings, and then we use the <=> comparison operator to compare the two range start values and the two range end values. The comparison operator returns -1 if the first value is less than the second value, 0 if they are equal, and 1 if the first value is larger than the second value.

If we have two ranges [a1,a2] and [b1,b2] then the two ranges will completely overlap (one will be inside the other) when:

a1 >= b1 && a2 <= b2 || a1 <= b1 && a2 >= b2

Rewriting this using the comparison operator, we get:

(a1 <=> b1) in [0,1] && (a2 <=> b2) in [-1,0] || (a1 <=> b1) in [-1,0] && (a2 <=> b2) in [0,1]

If we add the values of the comparisons then we can see that this is also the same as:

(a1 <=> b1) + (a2 <=> b2) in [-1,0,1] || (a1 <=> b1) + (a2 <=> b2) in [-1,0,1]

This reduces to just:

(a1 <=> b1) + (a2 <=> b2) in [-1,0,1]

This makes the code quite simple:

stream(nextLine).filter{ /(\d+)-(\d+),(\d+)-(\d+)/n && ($3 <=> $1) + ($4 <=> $2) in [-1,0,1] }
                .size()

Part 2

For part 2 we need to count lines where the two ranges have any overlap (rather than one having to be completely inside the other). It is easy to see that there is no overlap when:

a2 < b1 || a1 > b2

We just filter on the negation of this test since the opposite of no overlap is an overlap:

stream(nextLine).filter{ /(\d+)-(\d+),(\d+)-(\d+)/n && !($2 < $3 || $1 > $4) }
                .size()